Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru
INTRODUCTION: In urban-marginalized areas of low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and depression present significant public health issues, exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. METHODS: This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of NCDs and depression...
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2025
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| author | Monica M. Diaz Eder Herrera‐Pérez Rosa Montesinos Chhitij Tiwari Nilton Custodio Serggio Lanata |
| author_browse | Chhitij Tiwari Eder Herrera‐Pérez Monica M. Diaz Nilton Custodio Rosa Montesinos Serggio Lanata |
| author_facet | Monica M. Diaz Eder Herrera‐Pérez Rosa Montesinos Chhitij Tiwari Nilton Custodio Serggio Lanata |
| author_sort | Monica M. Diaz |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | INTRODUCTION: In urban-marginalized areas of low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and depression present significant public health issues, exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. METHODS: This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of NCDs and depression among 1064 community-dwelling adults in an urban-marginalized district of Lima, Peru. Structured questionnaires collected demographic, health, and socioeconomic data; neurocognitive assessments and depression screening were conducted. RESULTS: Mean age was 50.5 years, with 71% female, and a mean of 9.1 years of education. Among older adults, 32% had mild NCD and 4.2% had major NCD; 21.1% of younger adults had any NCD. Nearly 40% of the cohort was depressed. Risk factors for MCI and NCD included lower education, hypertension, and non-Spanish native language, while depression was associated with female sex, lower education, overcrowding, and chronic diseases. DISCUSSION: The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address NCDs and mental health in urban-marginalized areas of LMICs. HIGHLIGHTS: Among older adults, 32% had mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) and 4.2% had major NCD; 21.1% of younger adults had any NCD. Nearly 40% of the cohort was depressed. Risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and NCD included lower education, hypertension, and non-Spanish native language, while depression was associated with female sex, lower education, overcrowding, and chronic diseases. |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/1163 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
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| spelling | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/11632026-10-30T16:15:17ZNeurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of PeruMonica M. DiazEder Herrera‐PérezRosa MontesinosChhitij TiwariNilton CustodioSerggio LanataNeurocognitiveMedicineDepression (economics)CohortCognitive impairmentCognitionGerontologyCohort studyRisk factorCognitive declineDemographyPsychiatryCognitive disorderIncidence (geometry)PopulationEpidemiologyDementiaAffect (linguistics)DiseaseYoung adultOlder peopleDepressive symptomsClinical psychologyCohort effectNeurocognitiveDepression (economics)CohortCognitive impairmentCognitionCohort studyRisk factorCognitive declineAdultAdultAdultAdultAdultAgedAgedAgedAgedAgedDepression epidemiologyDepression epidemiologyDepression epidemiologyDepression epidemiologyDepression epidemiologyFemaleFemaleFemaleFemaleFemaleHumansHumansHumansHumansHumansMaleMaleMaleMaleMaleMiddle AgedMiddle AgedMiddle AgedMiddle AgedMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsNeuropsychological TestsNeuropsychological TestsNeuropsychological TestsNeuropsychological TestsPeru epidemiologyPeru epidemiologyPeru epidemiologyPeru epidemiologyPeru epidemiologyRisk FactorsRisk FactorsRisk FactorsRisk FactorsRisk FactorsUrban PopulationUrban PopulationUrban PopulationUrban PopulationUrban PopulationPrevalencePrevalencePrevalencePrevalencePrevalenceNeurocognitive Disorders epidemiologyNeurocognitive Disorders epidemiologyNeurocognitive Disorders epidemiologyNeurocognitive Disorders epidemiologyNeurocognitive Disorders epidemiologyYoung AdultYoung AdultYoung AdultYoung AdultYoung AdultCognitive Dysfunction epidemiologyCognitive Dysfunction epidemiologyCognitive Dysfunction epidemiologyCognitive Dysfunction epidemiologyCognitive Dysfunction epidemiologyHealth Sciences Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Dementia and Cognitive Impairment ResearchHealth Sciences Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiovascular Health and Risk FactorsLife Sciences Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Functional Brain Connectivity StudiesINTRODUCTION: In urban-marginalized areas of low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and depression present significant public health issues, exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. METHODS: This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of NCDs and depression among 1064 community-dwelling adults in an urban-marginalized district of Lima, Peru. Structured questionnaires collected demographic, health, and socioeconomic data; neurocognitive assessments and depression screening were conducted. RESULTS: Mean age was 50.5 years, with 71% female, and a mean of 9.1 years of education. Among older adults, 32% had mild NCD and 4.2% had major NCD; 21.1% of younger adults had any NCD. Nearly 40% of the cohort was depressed. Risk factors for MCI and NCD included lower education, hypertension, and non-Spanish native language, while depression was associated with female sex, lower education, overcrowding, and chronic diseases. DISCUSSION: The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address NCDs and mental health in urban-marginalized areas of LMICs. HIGHLIGHTS: Among older adults, 32% had mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) and 4.2% had major NCD; 21.1% of younger adults had any NCD. Nearly 40% of the cohort was depressed. Risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and NCD included lower education, hypertension, and non-Spanish native language, while depression was associated with female sex, lower education, overcrowding, and chronic diseases.Articlehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41075280https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.70798https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.7079810.1002/alz.70798https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1163W4415067355enAlzheimer s & Dementia1552-52601552-52792025-10-012026-06-13T09:48:09Z2026-06-13T09:48:09Z |
| spellingShingle | Neurocognitive Medicine Depression (economics) Cohort Cognitive impairment Cognition Gerontology Cohort study Risk factor Cognitive decline Demography Psychiatry Cognitive disorder Incidence (geometry) Population Epidemiology Dementia Affect (linguistics) Disease Young adult Older people Depressive symptoms Clinical psychology Cohort effect Neurocognitive Depression (economics) Cohort Cognitive impairment Cognition Cohort study Risk factor Cognitive decline Adult Adult Adult Adult Adult Aged Aged Aged Aged Aged Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Female Female Female Female Female Humans Humans Humans Humans Humans Male Male Male Male Male Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Health Sciences Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research Health Sciences Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors Life Sciences Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Functional Brain Connectivity Studies Monica M. Diaz Eder Herrera‐Pérez Rosa Montesinos Chhitij Tiwari Nilton Custodio Serggio Lanata Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru |
| title | Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru |
| title_full | Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru |
| title_fullStr | Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru |
| title_short | Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru |
| title_sort | neurocognitive disorders depression and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban marginalized area of peru |
| topic | Neurocognitive Medicine Depression (economics) Cohort Cognitive impairment Cognition Gerontology Cohort study Risk factor Cognitive decline Demography Psychiatry Cognitive disorder Incidence (geometry) Population Epidemiology Dementia Affect (linguistics) Disease Young adult Older people Depressive symptoms Clinical psychology Cohort effect Neurocognitive Depression (economics) Cohort Cognitive impairment Cognition Cohort study Risk factor Cognitive decline Adult Adult Adult Adult Adult Aged Aged Aged Aged Aged Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Female Female Female Female Female Humans Humans Humans Humans Humans Male Male Male Male Male Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Health Sciences Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research Health Sciences Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors Life Sciences Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Functional Brain Connectivity Studies |
| topic_facet | Neurocognitive Medicine Depression (economics) Cohort Cognitive impairment Cognition Gerontology Cohort study Risk factor Cognitive decline Demography Psychiatry Cognitive disorder Incidence (geometry) Population Epidemiology Dementia Affect (linguistics) Disease Young adult Older people Depressive symptoms Clinical psychology Cohort effect Neurocognitive Depression (economics) Cohort Cognitive impairment Cognition Cohort study Risk factor Cognitive decline Adult Adult Adult Adult Adult Aged Aged Aged Aged Aged Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Depression epidemiology Female Female Female Female Female Humans Humans Humans Humans Humans Male Male Male Male Male Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Neuropsychological Tests Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Peru epidemiology Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Risk Factors Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Urban Population Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Prevalence Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology Health Sciences Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research Health Sciences Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors Life Sciences Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Functional Brain Connectivity Studies |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41075280 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/alz.70798 https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.70798 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1163 |
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