Neurocognitive disorders, depression, and associated factors in younger and older adults from an urban‐marginalized area of Peru

INTRODUCTION: In urban-marginalized areas of low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and depression present significant public health issues, exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. METHODS: This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of NCDs and depression...

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Autores principales: Monica M. Diaz, Eder Herrera‐Pérez, Rosa Montesinos, Chhitij Tiwari, Nilton Custodio, Serggio Lanata
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:inglés
Publicado: 2025
Materias:
Neurocognitive
Medicine
Depression (economics)
Cohort
Cognitive impairment
Cognition
Gerontology
Cohort study
Risk factor
Cognitive decline
Demography
Psychiatry
Cognitive disorder
Incidence (geometry)
Population
Epidemiology
Dementia
Affect (linguistics)
Disease
Young adult
Older people
Depressive symptoms
Clinical psychology
Cohort effect
Adult
Aged
Depression epidemiology
Female
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Neuropsychological Tests
Peru epidemiology
Risk Factors
Urban Population
Prevalence
Neurocognitive Disorders epidemiology
Young Adult
Cognitive Dysfunction epidemiology
Health Sciences Medicine Psychiatry and Mental health Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Health Sciences Medicine Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Cardiovascular Health and Risk Factors
Life Sciences Neuroscience Cognitive Neuroscience Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
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Ver en el sistema de origen
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Sumario:INTRODUCTION: In urban-marginalized areas of low-to-middle-income countries (LMICs), neurocognitive disorders (NCDs) and depression present significant public health issues, exacerbated by socioeconomic disparities. METHODS: This study explores the prevalence and risk factors of NCDs and depression among 1064 community-dwelling adults in an urban-marginalized district of Lima, Peru. Structured questionnaires collected demographic, health, and socioeconomic data; neurocognitive assessments and depression screening were conducted. RESULTS: Mean age was 50.5 years, with 71% female, and a mean of 9.1 years of education. Among older adults, 32% had mild NCD and 4.2% had major NCD; 21.1% of younger adults had any NCD. Nearly 40% of the cohort was depressed. Risk factors for MCI and NCD included lower education, hypertension, and non-Spanish native language, while depression was associated with female sex, lower education, overcrowding, and chronic diseases. DISCUSSION: The study emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to address NCDs and mental health in urban-marginalized areas of LMICs. HIGHLIGHTS: Among older adults, 32% had mild neurocognitive disorder (NCD) and 4.2% had major NCD; 21.1% of younger adults had any NCD. Nearly 40% of the cohort was depressed. Risk factors for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and NCD included lower education, hypertension, and non-Spanish native language, while depression was associated with female sex, lower education, overcrowding, and chronic diseases.

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