Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions

Synthetic data generation has become a strategic capability in financial analytics, promising to reconcile the sector’s appetite for data-hungry machine learning with strict privacy, confidentiality, and regulatory constraints. This review provides a structured, evidence-based account of the field t...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:
Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Alexander Haro-Sarango, Diana Carolina Castillo-Martínez, Silvia Cachay-Salcedo, Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez, José Campos-Ku, Briseida Sotelo-Castro, Carlos Saavedra-Vasconez
Formato: Reference entry
Lenguaje:inglés
Publicado: 2026
Materias:
Acceso en línea:Enlace permanente (DOI o Handle)
Etiquetas: Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
_version_ 1881700534650404864
author Alexander Haro-Sarango
Diana Carolina Castillo-Martínez
Silvia Cachay-Salcedo
Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez
José Campos-Ku
Briseida Sotelo-Castro
Carlos Saavedra-Vasconez
author_browse Alexander Haro-Sarango
Briseida Sotelo-Castro
Carlos Saavedra-Vasconez
Diana Carolina Castillo-Martínez
Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez
José Campos-Ku
Silvia Cachay-Salcedo
author_facet Alexander Haro-Sarango
Diana Carolina Castillo-Martínez
Silvia Cachay-Salcedo
Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez
José Campos-Ku
Briseida Sotelo-Castro
Carlos Saavedra-Vasconez
author_sort Alexander Haro-Sarango
collection Producción científica
description Synthetic data generation has become a strategic capability in financial analytics, promising to reconcile the sector’s appetite for data-hungry machine learning with strict privacy, confidentiality, and regulatory constraints. This review provides a structured, evidence-based account of the field that is both conceptual and empirical. On the conceptual side, it explains how the principal generators work, states their objectives formally, and derives the practical consequences of each mechanism for financial data; it then organises evaluation into an operational fidelity–utility–privacy framework, extends it to incorporate the fairness and model-risk requirements imposed by regulated lending and insurance and the validation constraints that differ by data type, and offers explicit guidance on selecting a generator. On the empirical side, it maps the intellectual structure of the field through a science-mapping study of 313 Scopus-indexed documents (1997–2026) retrieved with a four-block Boolean query executed on 27 July 2026 and screened from 591 retrieved records. Performance analysis reveals sustained exponential growth, at an annual rate of 14.1% to 17.5% depending on how the endpoints are set, with 2026 covering only the first 208 days of the year, and 73.8% of output published since 2023. The corpus has accumulated 4359 citations with an h-index of 35 and pronounced inequality (Gini = 0.737; 26.2% of documents uncited), although 96.3% of the uncited documents appeared in 2025 or 2026 and the Gini falls to 0.599 once the analysis is restricted to documents with at least eighteen months of citation exposure, so these figures reflect the citation window as much as scientific impact. Co-word analysis, a strategic thematic map computed from the equivalence index, and an unsupervised clustering pipeline validated using the silhouette, Davies–Bouldin, and Calinski–Harabasz indices, together with seed, subsample, and specification stability tests, identify five overlapping and provisional research fronts: risk modelling and Monte Carlo simulation; fraud and credit-risk detection under class imbalance; privacy-preserving generation; machine-learning analytics and benchmarking; and biomedical simulation methods transferable to finance. The internal validation indices are weak in absolute terms, so these fronts are best read as an exploratory summary of a densely connected intellectual space rather than as sharply delineated lines of enquiry. We conclude that the field’s binding constraint has shifted from generation to certification: realistic financial data can now be produced, but the evidence that would establish a given synthetic dataset as simultaneously realistic, useful and safe—downstream performance on representative financial tasks, quantified disclosure risk, and robustness across market regimes—is still assembled on a study-by-study basis rather than through shared benchmarks.
format Reference entry
id openalex:W7225611034
institution UPeU
language English
publishDate 2026
publishDateRange 2026
publishDateSort 2026
record_format dspace
spelling openalex:W7225611034Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future DirectionsAlexander Haro-SarangoDiana Carolina Castillo-MartínezSilvia Cachay-SalcedoJessica Karina Saavedra-VasconezJosé Campos-KuBriseida Sotelo-CastroCarlos Saavedra-Vasconezsynthetic data generationfinancial analyticsdata privacysynthetic data validationfairnessmodel riskfraud detectionclass imbalanceMonte Carlo simulationrisk modelingresearch frontierscitation analysisco-word analysisscience mappingPrivacy-Preserving Technologies in Datademographic modeling and climate adaptationImbalanced Data Classification TechniquesSynthetic data generation has become a strategic capability in financial analytics, promising to reconcile the sector’s appetite for data-hungry machine learning with strict privacy, confidentiality, and regulatory constraints. This review provides a structured, evidence-based account of the field that is both conceptual and empirical. On the conceptual side, it explains how the principal generators work, states their objectives formally, and derives the practical consequences of each mechanism for financial data; it then organises evaluation into an operational fidelity–utility–privacy framework, extends it to incorporate the fairness and model-risk requirements imposed by regulated lending and insurance and the validation constraints that differ by data type, and offers explicit guidance on selecting a generator. On the empirical side, it maps the intellectual structure of the field through a science-mapping study of 313 Scopus-indexed documents (1997–2026) retrieved with a four-block Boolean query executed on 27 July 2026 and screened from 591 retrieved records. Performance analysis reveals sustained exponential growth, at an annual rate of 14.1% to 17.5% depending on how the endpoints are set, with 2026 covering only the first 208 days of the year, and 73.8% of output published since 2023. The corpus has accumulated 4359 citations with an h-index of 35 and pronounced inequality (Gini = 0.737; 26.2% of documents uncited), although 96.3% of the uncited documents appeared in 2025 or 2026 and the Gini falls to 0.599 once the analysis is restricted to documents with at least eighteen months of citation exposure, so these figures reflect the citation window as much as scientific impact. Co-word analysis, a strategic thematic map computed from the equivalence index, and an unsupervised clustering pipeline validated using the silhouette, Davies–Bouldin, and Calinski–Harabasz indices, together with seed, subsample, and specification stability tests, identify five overlapping and provisional research fronts: risk modelling and Monte Carlo simulation; fraud and credit-risk detection under class imbalance; privacy-preserving generation; machine-learning analytics and benchmarking; and biomedical simulation methods transferable to finance. The internal validation indices are weak in absolute terms, so these fronts are best read as an exploratory summary of a densely connected intellectual space rather than as sharply delineated lines of enquiry. We conclude that the field’s binding constraint has shifted from generation to certification: realistic financial data can now be produced, but the evidence that would establish a given synthetic dataset as simultaneously realistic, useful and safe—downstream performance on representative financial tasks, quantified disclosure risk, and robustness across market regimes—is still assembled on a study-by-study basis rather than through shared benchmarks.Reference entryhttps://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia6110250W7225611034enEncyclopedia2673-83922026-11-07
spellingShingle synthetic data generation
financial analytics
data privacy
synthetic data validation
fairness
model risk
fraud detection
class imbalance
Monte Carlo simulation
risk modeling
research frontiers
citation analysis
co-word analysis
science mapping
Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data
demographic modeling and climate adaptation
Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques
Alexander Haro-Sarango
Diana Carolina Castillo-Martínez
Silvia Cachay-Salcedo
Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez
José Campos-Ku
Briseida Sotelo-Castro
Carlos Saavedra-Vasconez
Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions
title Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions
title_full Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions
title_fullStr Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions
title_full_unstemmed Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions
title_short Exploring Synthetic Data in Financial Analytics: A Bibliometric Review of Generation Methods, Validation Challenges, and Future Directions
title_sort exploring synthetic data in financial analytics a bibliometric review of generation methods validation challenges and future directions
topic synthetic data generation
financial analytics
data privacy
synthetic data validation
fairness
model risk
fraud detection
class imbalance
Monte Carlo simulation
risk modeling
research frontiers
citation analysis
co-word analysis
science mapping
Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data
demographic modeling and climate adaptation
Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques
topic_facet synthetic data generation
financial analytics
data privacy
synthetic data validation
fairness
model risk
fraud detection
class imbalance
Monte Carlo simulation
risk modeling
research frontiers
citation analysis
co-word analysis
science mapping
Privacy-Preserving Technologies in Data
demographic modeling and climate adaptation
Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques
url https://doi.org/10.3390/encyclopedia6110250
work_keys_str_mv AT alexanderharosarango exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections
AT dianacarolinacastillomartinez exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections
AT silviacachaysalcedo exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections
AT jessicakarinasaavedravasconez exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections
AT josecamposku exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections
AT briseidasotelocastro exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections
AT carlossaavedravasconez exploringsyntheticdatainfinancialanalyticsabibliometricreviewofgenerationmethodsvalidationchallengesandfuturedirections