Rainfall events and daily mortality across 645 global locations: two stage time series analysis

OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between characteristics of daily rainfall (intensity, duration, and frequency) and all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. DESIGN: Two stage time series analysis. SETTING: 645 locations across 34 countries or regions. POPULATION: Daily mortality d...

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Autores principales: Cheng He, Susanne Breitner-Busch, Veronika Huber, Kai Chen, Siqi Zhang, Antonio Gasparrini, Michelle L. Bell, Haidong Kan, Dominic Royé, Ben Armstrong, Joel Schwartz, Francesco Sera, Ana Maria Vicedo-Cabrera, Yasushi Honda, Jouni J K Jaakkola, Niilo Ryti, Jan Kyselý, Yuming Guo, Shilu Tong, Francesca de’Donato, Paola Michelozzi, Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coêlho, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Eric Lavigne, Hans Orru, Ene Indermitte, Mathilde Pascal, Patrick Goodman, Ariana Zeka, Yoonhee Kim, Magali Hurtado‐Díaz, Eunice Elizabeth Félix Arellano, Ala Overcenco, Jochem O. Klompmaker, Shilpa Rao, Alfonso Diz-Lois Palomares, Gabriel Carrasco‐Escobar, Xerxes Seposo, Susana das Neves Pereira da Silva, Joana Madureira, Iulian‐Horia Holobâcă, Noah Scovronick, Fiorella Acquaotta, Ho Kim, Whanhee Lee, Masahiro Hashizume, Aurelio Tobı́as, Carmen Íñiguez, Bertil Forsberg, Martina S. Ragettli, Yue Leon Guo, Shih‐Chun Pan, Samuel Osorio, Shanshan Li, Antonella Zanobetti, Trần Ngọc Đăng, Do Van Dung, Alexandra Schneider
Formato: Artículo
Lenguaje:inglés
Publicado: 2024
Materias:
Series (stratigraphy)
Stage (stratigraphy)
Computer science
Time series
Statistics
Mathematics
Geology
Machine learning
Paleontology
Cardiovascular Diseases mortality
Cause of Death trends
Humans
Mortality trends
Rain
Respiratory Tract Diseases mortality
Time Factors
Global Health statistics & numerical data
Physical Sciences Environmental Science Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Climate Change and Health Impacts
Physical Sciences Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Climate variability and models
Physical Sciences Environmental Science Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Air Quality and Health Impacts
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Sumario:OBJECTIVE: To examine the associations between characteristics of daily rainfall (intensity, duration, and frequency) and all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. DESIGN: Two stage time series analysis. SETTING: 645 locations across 34 countries or regions. POPULATION: Daily mortality data, comprising a total of 109 954 744 all cause, 31 164 161 cardiovascular, and 11 817 278 respiratory deaths from 1980 to 2020. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Association between daily mortality and rainfall events with return periods (the expected average time between occurrences of an extreme event of a certain magnitude) of one year, two years, and five years, with a 14 day lag period. A continuous relative intensity index was used to generate intensity-response curves to estimate mortality risks at a global scale. RESULTS: During the study period, a total of 50 913 rainfall events with a one year return period, 8362 events with a two year return period, and 3301 events with a five year return period were identified. A day of extreme rainfall with a five year return period was significantly associated with increased daily all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality, with cumulative relative risks across 0-14 lag days of 1.08 (95% confidence interval 1.05 to 1.11), 1.05 (1.02 to 1.08), and 1.29 (1.19 to 1.39), respectively. Rainfall events with a two year return period were associated with respiratory mortality only, whereas no significant associations were found for events with a one year return period. Non-linear analysis revealed protective effects (relative risk <1) with moderate-heavy rainfall events, shifting to adverse effects (relative risk >1) with extreme intensities. Additionally, mortality risks from extreme rainfall events appeared to be modified by climate type, baseline variability in rainfall, and vegetation coverage, whereas the moderating effects of population density and income level were not significant. Locations with lower variability of baseline rainfall or scarce vegetation coverage showed higher risks. CONCLUSION: Daily rainfall intensity is associated with varying health effects, with extreme events linked to an increasing relative risk for all cause, cardiovascular, and respiratory mortality. The observed associations varied with local climate and urban infrastructure.

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