Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú

This study aimed to develop and validate a scale with appropriate psychometric properties to measure satisfaction with cleanliness in adults from San Román, Peru. Using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 400 participants for exploratory factor analysis...

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Autores principales: Puerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés Eleazar, Pérez Alarcón, Kevin Yair, Conde Rodriguez, Isaac Alex
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Lenguaje:inglés
Publicado: 2025
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author Puerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés Eleazar
Pérez Alarcón, Kevin Yair
Conde Rodriguez, Isaac Alex
author_browse Conde Rodriguez, Isaac Alex
Puerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés Eleazar
Pérez Alarcón, Kevin Yair
author_facet Puerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés Eleazar
Pérez Alarcón, Kevin Yair
Conde Rodriguez, Isaac Alex
author_sort Puerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés Eleazar
collection Producción científica
description This study aimed to develop and validate a scale with appropriate psychometric properties to measure satisfaction with cleanliness in adults from San Román, Peru. Using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 400 participants for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 466 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The resulting 19-item Cleanliness Satisfaction Scale (ESL-AK) comprises four dimensions: Fresh Waste, Dust Residues, Cleaning Quality, and Visual Impact. The scale demonstrated strong content validity (Aiken’s V = 0.95) and an adequate factorial structure (KMO = 0.931; Bartlett’s test p <.001; total variance explained = 58.3%). CFA confirmed the model’s good fit (CFI = 0.960, TLI = 0.953, RMSEA = 0.075, SRMR = 0.038), with factor loadings ranging from λ = 0.63 to λ = 0.91. Reliability analyses indicated high internal consistency (α = 0.862 to 0.902; ω = 0.864 to 0.903). Invariance testing across sex-supported configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance (ΔCFI ≤ 0.002) confirms that the scale operates similarly for males and females and enables valid latent mean comparisons. These results support the ESL-AK as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cleanliness satisfaction.
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spelling oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/10692026-10-30T16:15:09ZDevelopment and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, PerúPuerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés EleazarPérez Alarcón, Kevin YairConde Rodriguez, Isaac AlexPsychometricsSatisfactionCleanlinessSettlersThis study aimed to develop and validate a scale with appropriate psychometric properties to measure satisfaction with cleanliness in adults from San Román, Peru. Using a quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional design, data were collected from 400 participants for exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and 466 for confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The resulting 19-item Cleanliness Satisfaction Scale (ESL-AK) comprises four dimensions: Fresh Waste, Dust Residues, Cleaning Quality, and Visual Impact. The scale demonstrated strong content validity (Aiken’s V = 0.95) and an adequate factorial structure (KMO = 0.931; Bartlett’s test p <.001; total variance explained = 58.3%). CFA confirmed the model’s good fit (CFI = 0.960, TLI = 0.953, RMSEA = 0.075, SRMR = 0.038), with factor loadings ranging from λ = 0.63 to λ = 0.91. Reliability analyses indicated high internal consistency (α = 0.862 to 0.902; ω = 0.864 to 0.903). Invariance testing across sex-supported configural, metric, and partial scalar invariance (ΔCFI ≤ 0.002) confirms that the scale operates similarly for males and females and enables valid latent mean comparisons. These results support the ESL-AK as a valid and reliable instrument for assessing cleanliness satisfaction.Articlehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40598634https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40359-025-03010-6https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03010-6PMC1221933010.1186/s40359-025-03010-6https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/106940598634W4411857881enBMC Psychology2050-72832025-07-012026-06-13T09:45:18Z2026-06-13T09:45:18Z
spellingShingle Psychometrics
Satisfaction
Cleanliness
Settlers
Puerta Quispe, Ángel Andrés Eleazar
Pérez Alarcón, Kevin Yair
Conde Rodriguez, Isaac Alex
Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú
title Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú
title_full Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú
title_fullStr Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú
title_full_unstemmed Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú
title_short Development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale (ESL-AK) in a sample of adults from the Province of San Román, Perú
title_sort development and validation of the cleanliness satisfaction scale esl ak in a sample of adults from the province of san roman peru
topic Psychometrics
Satisfaction
Cleanliness
Settlers
topic_facet Psychometrics
Satisfaction
Cleanliness
Settlers
url https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/40598634
https://bmcpsychology.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s40359-025-03010-6
https://doi.org/10.1186/s40359-025-03010-6
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1069
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