Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon
Childhood trauma is a significant public health problem owing to its effects on the socioemotional development of adolescents, which calls for validated assessment instruments. This study aimed to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF)...
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2026
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| author | Marita Mily Paz-Vilchez Yosmeli Moreno-Acosta Julio Cjuno Jhordan Jhonny Mayta Llanos |
| author_browse | Jhordan Jhonny Mayta Llanos Julio Cjuno Marita Mily Paz-Vilchez Yosmeli Moreno-Acosta |
| author_facet | Marita Mily Paz-Vilchez Yosmeli Moreno-Acosta Julio Cjuno Jhordan Jhonny Mayta Llanos |
| author_sort | Marita Mily Paz-Vilchez |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | Childhood trauma is a significant public health problem owing to its effects on the socioemotional development of adolescents, which calls for validated assessment instruments. This study aimed to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon. An instrumental, cross-sectional study was conducted with 878 adolescents aged 12–17 years (M = 14.0; SD = 1.46) from public secondary schools in the San Martín Region, Peru, randomly divided into two subsamples of 439 participants each for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across sex were also examined. The original five-factor model did not show adequate performance. After removing items with weak loadings or redundant content, a three-factor, 18-item structure emerged—lack of perceived family support/neglect, sexual abuse, and physical–emotional abuse—which showed adequate fit (CFI = 0.958; TLI = 0.951; RMSEA = 0.051; SRMR = 0.067) and satisfactory internal consistency (ordinal α and ω = 0.76–0.95). Convergent validity was adequate for sexual abuse and physical–emotional abuse (AVE = 0.81 and 0.50) and borderline for lack of perceived family support/neglect (AVE = 0.42), whereas discriminant validity was supported for all factor pairs (HTMT = 0.262–0.626). Full scalar invariance across sex was also established (ΔCFI ≤ 0.002; ΔRMSEA ≤ 0.003). These findings indicate that the Peruvian CTQ-SF is better represented by a three-factor correlated structure, yielding a brief version that allows comparisons between sexes; nevertheless, because its temporal stability and external validity remain to be examined, its use should currently be restricted to research and preliminary screening purposes. |
| format | Article |
| id | openalex:W7220897799 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | openalex:W7220897799Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian AmazonMarita Mily Paz-VilchezYosmeli Moreno-AcostaJulio CjunoJhordan Jhonny Mayta LlanosChildhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Formchildhood traumaadolescentspsychometric validationfactor structuresexual abusefamily neglectperceived family supportmeasurement invariancesex differencesPeruvian AmazonChild Abuse and TraumaPsychometric Methodologies and TestingChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentChildhood trauma is a significant public health problem owing to its effects on the socioemotional development of adolescents, which calls for validated assessment instruments. This study aimed to adapt and examine the psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon. An instrumental, cross-sectional study was conducted with 878 adolescents aged 12–17 years (M = 14.0; SD = 1.46) from public secondary schools in the San Martín Region, Peru, randomly divided into two subsamples of 439 participants each for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA); reliability, convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance across sex were also examined. The original five-factor model did not show adequate performance. After removing items with weak loadings or redundant content, a three-factor, 18-item structure emerged—lack of perceived family support/neglect, sexual abuse, and physical–emotional abuse—which showed adequate fit (CFI = 0.958; TLI = 0.951; RMSEA = 0.051; SRMR = 0.067) and satisfactory internal consistency (ordinal α and ω = 0.76–0.95). Convergent validity was adequate for sexual abuse and physical–emotional abuse (AVE = 0.81 and 0.50) and borderline for lack of perceived family support/neglect (AVE = 0.42), whereas discriminant validity was supported for all factor pairs (HTMT = 0.262–0.626). Full scalar invariance across sex was also established (ΔCFI ≤ 0.002; ΔRMSEA ≤ 0.003). These findings indicate that the Peruvian CTQ-SF is better represented by a three-factor correlated structure, yielding a brief version that allows comparisons between sexes; nevertheless, because its temporal stability and external validity remain to be examined, its use should currently be restricted to research and preliminary screening purposes.Articlehttps://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1939936https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1939936/pdfW7220897799enFrontiers in Psychology1664-10782026-10-08 |
| spellingShingle | Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form childhood trauma adolescents psychometric validation factor structure sexual abuse family neglect perceived family support measurement invariance sex differences Peruvian Amazon Child Abuse and Trauma Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development Marita Mily Paz-Vilchez Yosmeli Moreno-Acosta Julio Cjuno Jhordan Jhonny Mayta Llanos Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon |
| title | Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_full | Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_fullStr | Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_full_unstemmed | Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_short | Psychometric properties of the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire–Short Form (CTQ-SF) in adolescents from the Peruvian Amazon |
| title_sort | psychometric properties of the childhood trauma questionnaire short form ctq sf in adolescents from the peruvian amazon |
| topic | Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form childhood trauma adolescents psychometric validation factor structure sexual abuse family neglect perceived family support measurement invariance sex differences Peruvian Amazon Child Abuse and Trauma Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development |
| topic_facet | Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form childhood trauma adolescents psychometric validation factor structure sexual abuse family neglect perceived family support measurement invariance sex differences Peruvian Amazon Child Abuse and Trauma Psychometric Methodologies and Testing Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1939936 https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/psychology/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2026.1939936/pdf |
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