Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru
This article examines how the Global Innovation Index (GII) has become the dominant technical language for assessing and legitimizing countries’ innovation performance, and what this implies for middle-income economies such as Ecuador and Peru. We conduct a systematic review of 89 Scopus-indexed stu...
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2026
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| author | Alexander Fernando Haro Sarango Silvia Cachay-Salcedo Julián Coronel-Reyes Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez Elizabeth Proaño-Altamirano Rosa Salcedo-Dávalos |
| author_browse | Alexander Fernando Haro Sarango Elizabeth Proaño-Altamirano Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez Julián Coronel-Reyes Rosa Salcedo-Dávalos Silvia Cachay-Salcedo |
| author_facet | Alexander Fernando Haro Sarango Silvia Cachay-Salcedo Julián Coronel-Reyes Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez Elizabeth Proaño-Altamirano Rosa Salcedo-Dávalos |
| author_sort | Alexander Fernando Haro Sarango |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | This article examines how the Global Innovation Index (GII) has become the dominant technical language for assessing and legitimizing countries’ innovation performance, and what this implies for middle-income economies such as Ecuador and Peru. We conduct a systematic review of 89 Scopus-indexed studies, combining bibliometrics with natural language processing of abstracts. The results reveal a largely optimistic discourse that frames innovation as a national, systemic construct—structured around institutions, human capital, infrastructure, market and business sophistication—while relying heavily on standardized GII metrics. Topic modeling and sentiment analysis show limited critical scrutiny of the index itself. The comparative analysis of Ecuador and Peru highlights persistent gaps between innovation inputs and outputs, with Peru leading in human capital and markets but lagging in business sophistication, and Ecuador constrained by institutional and market weaknesses. We argue that the GII should be used as a diagnostic and reform tool, not merely as a reputational ranking. |
| format | Article |
| id | openalex:W7131267949 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
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| spelling | openalex:W7131267949Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and PeruAlexander Fernando Haro SarangoSilvia Cachay-SalcedoJulián Coronel-ReyesJessica Karina Saavedra-VasconezElizabeth Proaño-AltamiranoRosa Salcedo-DávalosGlobal Innovation Indexinnovation performance evaluationinnovation rankingsmiddle-income countriesEcuadorPeruhuman capitalbusiness sophisticationinstitutional qualityinnovation inputs and outputsinnovation policyEconomic and Technological Innovationscientometrics and bibliometrics researchGlobal Politics and EconomyThis article examines how the Global Innovation Index (GII) has become the dominant technical language for assessing and legitimizing countries’ innovation performance, and what this implies for middle-income economies such as Ecuador and Peru. We conduct a systematic review of 89 Scopus-indexed studies, combining bibliometrics with natural language processing of abstracts. The results reveal a largely optimistic discourse that frames innovation as a national, systemic construct—structured around institutions, human capital, infrastructure, market and business sophistication—while relying heavily on standardized GII metrics. Topic modeling and sentiment analysis show limited critical scrutiny of the index itself. The comparative analysis of Ecuador and Peru highlights persistent gaps between innovation inputs and outputs, with Peru leading in human capital and markets but lagging in business sophistication, and Ecuador constrained by institutional and market weaknesses. We argue that the GII should be used as a diagnostic and reform tool, not merely as a reputational ranking.Articlehttps://doi.org/10.3390/publications14010015https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6775/14/1/15/pdf?version=1771917162W7131267949enPublications2304-67752026-02-24 |
| spellingShingle | Global Innovation Index innovation performance evaluation innovation rankings middle-income countries Ecuador Peru human capital business sophistication institutional quality innovation inputs and outputs innovation policy Economic and Technological Innovation scientometrics and bibliometrics research Global Politics and Economy Alexander Fernando Haro Sarango Silvia Cachay-Salcedo Julián Coronel-Reyes Jessica Karina Saavedra-Vasconez Elizabeth Proaño-Altamirano Rosa Salcedo-Dávalos Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru |
| title | Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru |
| title_full | Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru |
| title_fullStr | Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru |
| title_full_unstemmed | Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru |
| title_short | Trajectories of the Global Innovation Index and Its Bibliometric Footprint: From the Global Level to Ecuador and Peru |
| title_sort | trajectories of the global innovation index and its bibliometric footprint from the global level to ecuador and peru |
| topic | Global Innovation Index innovation performance evaluation innovation rankings middle-income countries Ecuador Peru human capital business sophistication institutional quality innovation inputs and outputs innovation policy Economic and Technological Innovation scientometrics and bibliometrics research Global Politics and Economy |
| topic_facet | Global Innovation Index innovation performance evaluation innovation rankings middle-income countries Ecuador Peru human capital business sophistication institutional quality innovation inputs and outputs innovation policy Economic and Technological Innovation scientometrics and bibliometrics research Global Politics and Economy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3390/publications14010015 https://www.mdpi.com/2304-6775/14/1/15/pdf?version=1771917162 |
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