Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change
Climate and atmospheric changes are impacting forest function and structure worldwide, but their effects on tropical forest diversity are unclear. Nowhere is the scientific challenge greater than in the Andes and the Amazon, which together include the world's most diverse forests. Here, using 4...
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| Formato: | Artículo |
| Lenguaje: | inglés |
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2026
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| author | B. Fadrique F. Costa F. Cuesta G. Arellano L. Cayuela T. R. Baker F. C. Draper A. Esquivel-Muelbert H. ter Steege M. Bauters J. Aguirre-Gutiérrez Z. Aguirre-Mendoza M. N. Alexiades E. Alvarez-Davila E. Arets E. Ayala C. G. A. Aymard F. Baccaro S. Báez C. Baraloto R. I. Barbosa P. Barbosa Camargo J. Barlow P. E. Barni J. Barroso M. Benchimol A. C. Bennett E. Berenguer L. Blanc D. Bonal F. Bongers R. Brienen F. Brown M. BT Andrade B. Burban R. J. Burnham J. L. Camargo S. P. C. Carvalho C. Castilho J. Chave F. Coelho de Souza J. Comiskey L. da Costa R. B. de Lima E. A. de Oliveira R. L. C. de Oliveira R. de Oliveira Perdiz J. De Rutte J. del Aguila-Pasquel G. Derroire A. Di Fiore M. Disney A. Duque T. Emilio W. Farfan-Rios S. Fauset P. M. Fearnside K. J. Feeley T. R. Feldpausch J. Ferreira L. Ferreira G. R. Flores Llampazo D. Galbraith K. García-Cabrera M. García Criado E. Gloor J. M. Grandez-Rios B. Hérault J. Homeier E. N. Honorio Coronado I. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco W. Huaraca Huasco Y. T. Huillca-Aedo Á. Idárraga O. Jadán-Maza M. Kalamandeen T. J. Killeen S. G. W. Laurance Susan G. W. Laurance A. Levesley W. Lopez M. J. Macía W. E. Magnusson Y. Malhi A. G. Manzatto B. H. Marimon Junior B. H. Marimon Junior J. A. Martínez-Villa M. B. Medeiros K. Melgaço L. Melo T. Metzker A. Monteagudo P. S. Morandi J. A. Myers H. M. Nascimento R. Nascimento D. Neill B. Nieto-Ariza W. A. Palacios S. Palacios-Ramos N. C. Pallqui-Camacho G. Pardo Molina J. Peacock M. A. Peña R. T. Pennington M. C. Peñuela C. A. Peres Á. J. Pérez G. C. Pickavance E. Pinto J. Pipoly N. Pitman A. Prieto H. Ramírez-Angulo S. M. Reis Z. Restrepo C. Reynel S. Ribeiro G. Rivas-Torres R. Rojas A. Rudas N. Salinas R. P. Salomão F. Santana J. Schietti G. Schwartz J. Serrano M. Silman C. A. Silva C. A. Silva R. S. A. Silva R. S. A. Silva J. Silva-Espejo M. Silveira M. F. Simon Y. C. Soto-Shareva P. F. Souza D. Storck-Tonon J. Stropp V. Swamy J. Sebastián Tello J. Terborgh R. Thomas A. Torres-Lezama J. D. Vale L. Valenzuela Gamarra G. van der Heijden P. van der Hout P. J. van der Meer R. Vasquez Martinez L. Vedovato H. Verbeeck I. Vieira S. A. Vieira E. Vilanova B. Vinceti V. A. Vos R. Zagt P. A. Zuidema O. L. Phillips |
| author_browse | A. C. Bennett A. Di Fiore A. Duque A. Esquivel-Muelbert A. G. Manzatto A. Levesley A. Monteagudo A. Prieto A. Rudas A. Torres-Lezama B. Burban B. Fadrique B. H. Marimon Junior B. Hérault B. Nieto-Ariza B. Vinceti C. A. Peres C. A. Silva C. Baraloto C. Castilho C. G. A. Aymard C. Reynel D. Bonal D. Galbraith D. Neill D. Storck-Tonon E. A. de Oliveira E. Alvarez-Davila E. Arets E. Ayala E. Berenguer E. Gloor E. N. Honorio Coronado E. Pinto E. Vilanova F. Baccaro F. Bongers F. Brown F. C. Draper F. Coelho de Souza F. Costa F. Cuesta F. Santana G. Arellano G. C. Pickavance G. Derroire G. Pardo Molina G. R. Flores Llampazo G. Rivas-Torres G. Schwartz G. van der Heijden H. M. Nascimento H. Ramírez-Angulo H. Verbeeck H. ter Steege I. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco I. Vieira J. A. Martínez-Villa J. A. Myers J. Aguirre-Gutiérrez J. Barlow J. Barroso J. Chave J. Comiskey J. D. Vale J. De Rutte J. Ferreira J. Homeier J. L. Camargo J. M. Grandez-Rios J. Peacock J. Pipoly J. Schietti J. Sebastián Tello J. Serrano J. Silva-Espejo J. Stropp J. Terborgh J. del Aguila-Pasquel K. García-Cabrera K. J. Feeley K. Melgaço L. Blanc L. Cayuela L. Ferreira L. Melo L. Valenzuela Gamarra L. Vedovato L. da Costa M. A. Peña M. B. Medeiros M. BT Andrade M. Bauters M. Benchimol M. C. Peñuela M. Disney M. F. Simon M. García Criado M. J. Macía M. Kalamandeen M. N. Alexiades M. Silman M. Silveira N. C. Pallqui-Camacho N. Pitman N. Salinas O. Jadán-Maza O. L. Phillips P. A. Zuidema P. Barbosa Camargo P. E. Barni P. F. Souza P. J. van der Meer P. M. Fearnside P. S. Morandi P. van der Hout R. B. de Lima R. Brienen R. I. Barbosa R. J. Burnham R. L. C. de Oliveira R. Nascimento R. P. Salomão R. Rojas R. S. A. Silva R. T. Pennington R. Thomas R. Vasquez Martinez R. Zagt R. de Oliveira Perdiz S. A. Vieira S. Báez S. Fauset S. G. W. Laurance S. M. Reis S. P. C. Carvalho S. Palacios-Ramos S. Ribeiro Susan G. W. Laurance T. Emilio T. J. Killeen T. Metzker T. R. Baker T. R. Feldpausch V. A. Vos V. Swamy W. A. Palacios W. E. Magnusson W. Farfan-Rios W. Huaraca Huasco W. Lopez Y. C. Soto-Shareva Y. Malhi Y. T. Huillca-Aedo Z. Aguirre-Mendoza Z. Restrepo Á. Idárraga Á. J. Pérez |
| author_facet | B. Fadrique F. Costa F. Cuesta G. Arellano L. Cayuela T. R. Baker F. C. Draper A. Esquivel-Muelbert H. ter Steege M. Bauters J. Aguirre-Gutiérrez Z. Aguirre-Mendoza M. N. Alexiades E. Alvarez-Davila E. Arets E. Ayala C. G. A. Aymard F. Baccaro S. Báez C. Baraloto R. I. Barbosa P. Barbosa Camargo J. Barlow P. E. Barni J. Barroso M. Benchimol A. C. Bennett E. Berenguer L. Blanc D. Bonal F. Bongers R. Brienen F. Brown M. BT Andrade B. Burban R. J. Burnham J. L. Camargo S. P. C. Carvalho C. Castilho J. Chave F. Coelho de Souza J. Comiskey L. da Costa R. B. de Lima E. A. de Oliveira R. L. C. de Oliveira R. de Oliveira Perdiz J. De Rutte J. del Aguila-Pasquel G. Derroire A. Di Fiore M. Disney A. Duque T. Emilio W. Farfan-Rios S. Fauset P. M. Fearnside K. J. Feeley T. R. Feldpausch J. Ferreira L. Ferreira G. R. Flores Llampazo D. Galbraith K. García-Cabrera M. García Criado E. Gloor J. M. Grandez-Rios B. Hérault J. Homeier E. N. Honorio Coronado I. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco W. Huaraca Huasco Y. T. Huillca-Aedo Á. Idárraga O. Jadán-Maza M. Kalamandeen T. J. Killeen S. G. W. Laurance Susan G. W. Laurance A. Levesley W. Lopez M. J. Macía W. E. Magnusson Y. Malhi A. G. Manzatto B. H. Marimon Junior B. H. Marimon Junior J. A. Martínez-Villa M. B. Medeiros K. Melgaço L. Melo T. Metzker A. Monteagudo P. S. Morandi J. A. Myers H. M. Nascimento R. Nascimento D. Neill B. Nieto-Ariza W. A. Palacios S. Palacios-Ramos N. C. Pallqui-Camacho G. Pardo Molina J. Peacock M. A. Peña R. T. Pennington M. C. Peñuela C. A. Peres Á. J. Pérez G. C. Pickavance E. Pinto J. Pipoly N. Pitman A. Prieto H. Ramírez-Angulo S. M. Reis Z. Restrepo C. Reynel S. Ribeiro G. Rivas-Torres R. Rojas A. Rudas N. Salinas R. P. Salomão F. Santana J. Schietti G. Schwartz J. Serrano M. Silman C. A. Silva C. A. Silva R. S. A. Silva R. S. A. Silva J. Silva-Espejo M. Silveira M. F. Simon Y. C. Soto-Shareva P. F. Souza D. Storck-Tonon J. Stropp V. Swamy J. Sebastián Tello J. Terborgh R. Thomas A. Torres-Lezama J. D. Vale L. Valenzuela Gamarra G. van der Heijden P. van der Hout P. J. van der Meer R. Vasquez Martinez L. Vedovato H. Verbeeck I. Vieira S. A. Vieira E. Vilanova B. Vinceti V. A. Vos R. Zagt P. A. Zuidema O. L. Phillips |
| author_sort | B. Fadrique |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | Climate and atmospheric changes are impacting forest function and structure worldwide, but their effects on tropical forest diversity are unclear. Nowhere is the scientific challenge greater than in the Andes and the Amazon, which together include the world's most diverse forests. Here, using 406 permanent plots spanning four decades of intact lowland and montane forest dynamics, we test for long-term change in species richness and assess the influence of climate and other variables. We show that, at a continental scale, species richness appears stable, but this masks substantial regional variation. Species richness increased in Northern Andean and Western Amazon plots, yet declined in the Central Andes, Guyana Shield and Central-Eastern Amazon. Overall, warmer, drier and more seasonal forests lost species, while those at higher elevations, in less fragmented areas and with faster rates of tree turnover experienced increases. Region-specific drivers, particularly precipitation seasonality and demographic factors, modulated these trends. The results highlight the diverse ways in which Amazon-Andes forests are changing and underscore the critical need to preserve large-scale ecosystem integrity to maintain local tree diversity. By doing so, Northern Andean forests in particular could serve as an important refuge for species increasingly displaced by climate change. |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/753 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2026 |
| publishDateRange | 2026 |
| publishDateSort | 2026 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/7532026-10-30T16:14:49ZTree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global changeB. FadriqueF. CostaF. CuestaG. ArellanoL. CayuelaT. R. BakerF. C. DraperA. Esquivel-MuelbertH. ter SteegeM. BautersJ. Aguirre-GutiérrezZ. Aguirre-MendozaM. N. AlexiadesE. Alvarez-DavilaE. AretsE. AyalaC. G. A. AymardF. BaccaroS. BáezC. BaralotoR. I. BarbosaP. Barbosa CamargoJ. BarlowP. E. BarniJ. BarrosoM. BenchimolA. C. BennettE. BerenguerL. BlancD. BonalF. BongersR. BrienenF. BrownM. BT AndradeB. BurbanR. J. BurnhamJ. L. CamargoS. P. C. CarvalhoC. CastilhoJ. ChaveF. Coelho de SouzaJ. ComiskeyL. da CostaR. B. de LimaE. A. de OliveiraR. L. C. de OliveiraR. de Oliveira PerdizJ. De RutteJ. del Aguila-PasquelG. DerroireA. Di FioreM. DisneyA. DuqueT. EmilioW. Farfan-RiosS. FausetP. M. FearnsideK. J. FeeleyT. R. FeldpauschJ. FerreiraL. FerreiraG. R. Flores LlampazoD. GalbraithK. García-CabreraM. García CriadoE. GloorJ. M. Grandez-RiosB. HéraultJ. HomeierE. N. Honorio CoronadoI. Huamantupa-ChuquimacoW. Huaraca HuascoY. T. Huillca-AedoÁ. IdárragaO. Jadán-MazaM. KalamandeenT. J. KilleenS. G. W. LauranceSusan G. W. LauranceA. LevesleyW. LopezM. J. MacíaW. E. MagnussonY. MalhiA. G. ManzattoB. H. Marimon JuniorB. H. Marimon JuniorJ. A. Martínez-VillaM. B. MedeirosK. MelgaçoL. MeloT. MetzkerA. MonteagudoP. S. MorandiJ. A. MyersH. M. NascimentoR. NascimentoD. NeillB. Nieto-ArizaW. A. PalaciosS. Palacios-RamosN. C. Pallqui-CamachoG. Pardo MolinaJ. PeacockM. A. PeñaR. T. PenningtonM. C. PeñuelaC. A. PeresÁ. J. PérezG. C. PickavanceE. PintoJ. PipolyN. PitmanA. PrietoH. Ramírez-AnguloS. M. ReisZ. RestrepoC. ReynelS. RibeiroG. Rivas-TorresR. RojasA. RudasN. SalinasR. P. SalomãoF. SantanaJ. SchiettiG. SchwartzJ. SerranoM. SilmanC. A. SilvaC. A. SilvaR. S. A. SilvaR. S. A. SilvaJ. Silva-EspejoM. SilveiraM. F. SimonY. C. Soto-SharevaP. F. SouzaD. Storck-TononJ. StroppV. SwamyJ. Sebastián TelloJ. TerborghR. ThomasA. Torres-LezamaJ. D. ValeL. Valenzuela GamarraG. van der HeijdenP. van der HoutP. J. van der MeerR. Vasquez MartinezL. VedovatoH. VerbeeckI. VieiraS. A. VieiraE. VilanovaB. VincetiV. A. VosR. ZagtP. A. ZuidemaO. L. PhillipsSpecies richnessEcologyAmazonianAmazon rainforestGeographyClimate changeEcosystemGlobal changeRainforestBiodiversityAgroforestryTropicsGlobal warmingForest ecologySpecies diversityTropical climateBeta diversityDeforestation (computer science)Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forestsDry forestPrecipitationEffects of global warmingTropical forestForest dynamicsTemperate rainforestEnvironmental changeBiosphereAlpha diversityDiversity (politics)Species richnessAmazonianAmazon rainforestClimate changeEcosystemGlobal changeRainforestBiodiversityTropicsSeasonsSeasonsSeasonsSeasonsSeasonsSouth AmericaSouth AmericaSouth AmericaSouth AmericaSouth AmericaTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTrees physiologyTropical ClimateTropical ClimateTropical ClimateTropical ClimateTropical ClimateTropical ClimateTropical ClimateTropical ClimateBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityBiodiversityClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeClimate ChangeForestsForestsForestsForestsForestsForestsForestsForestsPhysical Sciences Environmental Science Ecological Modeling Species Distribution and Climate ChangePhysical Sciences Environmental Science Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics StudiesPhysical Sciences Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Plant Water Relations and Carbon DynamicsClimate and atmospheric changes are impacting forest function and structure worldwide, but their effects on tropical forest diversity are unclear. Nowhere is the scientific challenge greater than in the Andes and the Amazon, which together include the world's most diverse forests. Here, using 406 permanent plots spanning four decades of intact lowland and montane forest dynamics, we test for long-term change in species richness and assess the influence of climate and other variables. We show that, at a continental scale, species richness appears stable, but this masks substantial regional variation. Species richness increased in Northern Andean and Western Amazon plots, yet declined in the Central Andes, Guyana Shield and Central-Eastern Amazon. Overall, warmer, drier and more seasonal forests lost species, while those at higher elevations, in less fragmented areas and with faster rates of tree turnover experienced increases. Region-specific drivers, particularly precipitation seasonality and demographic factors, modulated these trends. The results highlight the diverse ways in which Amazon-Andes forests are changing and underscore the critical need to preserve large-scale ecosystem integrity to maintain local tree diversity. By doing so, Northern Andean forests in particular could serve as an important refuge for species increasingly displaced by climate change.Articlehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41577829https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02956-510.1038/s41559-025-02956-5https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/753W7125505959enNature Ecology & Evolution2397-334X2026-01-232026-06-13T09:34:07Z2026-06-13T09:34:07Z |
| spellingShingle | Species richness Ecology Amazonian Amazon rainforest Geography Climate change Ecosystem Global change Rainforest Biodiversity Agroforestry Tropics Global warming Forest ecology Species diversity Tropical climate Beta diversity Deforestation (computer science) Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Dry forest Precipitation Effects of global warming Tropical forest Forest dynamics Temperate rainforest Environmental change Biosphere Alpha diversity Diversity (politics) Species richness Amazonian Amazon rainforest Climate change Ecosystem Global change Rainforest Biodiversity Tropics Seasons Seasons Seasons Seasons Seasons South America South America South America South America South America Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Physical Sciences Environmental Science Ecological Modeling Species Distribution and Climate Change Physical Sciences Environmental Science Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies Physical Sciences Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics B. Fadrique F. Costa F. Cuesta G. Arellano L. Cayuela T. R. Baker F. C. Draper A. Esquivel-Muelbert H. ter Steege M. Bauters J. Aguirre-Gutiérrez Z. Aguirre-Mendoza M. N. Alexiades E. Alvarez-Davila E. Arets E. Ayala C. G. A. Aymard F. Baccaro S. Báez C. Baraloto R. I. Barbosa P. Barbosa Camargo J. Barlow P. E. Barni J. Barroso M. Benchimol A. C. Bennett E. Berenguer L. Blanc D. Bonal F. Bongers R. Brienen F. Brown M. BT Andrade B. Burban R. J. Burnham J. L. Camargo S. P. C. Carvalho C. Castilho J. Chave F. Coelho de Souza J. Comiskey L. da Costa R. B. de Lima E. A. de Oliveira R. L. C. de Oliveira R. de Oliveira Perdiz J. De Rutte J. del Aguila-Pasquel G. Derroire A. Di Fiore M. Disney A. Duque T. Emilio W. Farfan-Rios S. Fauset P. M. Fearnside K. J. Feeley T. R. Feldpausch J. Ferreira L. Ferreira G. R. Flores Llampazo D. Galbraith K. García-Cabrera M. García Criado E. Gloor J. M. Grandez-Rios B. Hérault J. Homeier E. N. Honorio Coronado I. Huamantupa-Chuquimaco W. Huaraca Huasco Y. T. Huillca-Aedo Á. Idárraga O. Jadán-Maza M. Kalamandeen T. J. Killeen S. G. W. Laurance Susan G. W. Laurance A. Levesley W. Lopez M. J. Macía W. E. Magnusson Y. Malhi A. G. Manzatto B. H. Marimon Junior B. H. Marimon Junior J. A. Martínez-Villa M. B. Medeiros K. Melgaço L. Melo T. Metzker A. Monteagudo P. S. Morandi J. A. Myers H. M. Nascimento R. Nascimento D. Neill B. Nieto-Ariza W. A. Palacios S. Palacios-Ramos N. C. Pallqui-Camacho G. Pardo Molina J. Peacock M. A. Peña R. T. Pennington M. C. Peñuela C. A. Peres Á. J. Pérez G. C. Pickavance E. Pinto J. Pipoly N. Pitman A. Prieto H. Ramírez-Angulo S. M. Reis Z. Restrepo C. Reynel S. Ribeiro G. Rivas-Torres R. Rojas A. Rudas N. Salinas R. P. Salomão F. Santana J. Schietti G. Schwartz J. Serrano M. Silman C. A. Silva C. A. Silva R. S. A. Silva R. S. A. Silva J. Silva-Espejo M. Silveira M. F. Simon Y. C. Soto-Shareva P. F. Souza D. Storck-Tonon J. Stropp V. Swamy J. Sebastián Tello J. Terborgh R. Thomas A. Torres-Lezama J. D. Vale L. Valenzuela Gamarra G. van der Heijden P. van der Hout P. J. van der Meer R. Vasquez Martinez L. Vedovato H. Verbeeck I. Vieira S. A. Vieira E. Vilanova B. Vinceti V. A. Vos R. Zagt P. A. Zuidema O. L. Phillips Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change |
| title | Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change |
| title_full | Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change |
| title_fullStr | Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change |
| title_full_unstemmed | Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change |
| title_short | Tree diversity is changing across tropical Andean and Amazonian forests in response to global change |
| title_sort | tree diversity is changing across tropical andean and amazonian forests in response to global change |
| topic | Species richness Ecology Amazonian Amazon rainforest Geography Climate change Ecosystem Global change Rainforest Biodiversity Agroforestry Tropics Global warming Forest ecology Species diversity Tropical climate Beta diversity Deforestation (computer science) Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Dry forest Precipitation Effects of global warming Tropical forest Forest dynamics Temperate rainforest Environmental change Biosphere Alpha diversity Diversity (politics) Species richness Amazonian Amazon rainforest Climate change Ecosystem Global change Rainforest Biodiversity Tropics Seasons Seasons Seasons Seasons Seasons South America South America South America South America South America Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Physical Sciences Environmental Science Ecological Modeling Species Distribution and Climate Change Physical Sciences Environmental Science Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies Physical Sciences Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics |
| topic_facet | Species richness Ecology Amazonian Amazon rainforest Geography Climate change Ecosystem Global change Rainforest Biodiversity Agroforestry Tropics Global warming Forest ecology Species diversity Tropical climate Beta diversity Deforestation (computer science) Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests Dry forest Precipitation Effects of global warming Tropical forest Forest dynamics Temperate rainforest Environmental change Biosphere Alpha diversity Diversity (politics) Species richness Amazonian Amazon rainforest Climate change Ecosystem Global change Rainforest Biodiversity Tropics Seasons Seasons Seasons Seasons Seasons South America South America South America South America South America Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Trees physiology Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Tropical Climate Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Biodiversity Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Climate Change Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Forests Physical Sciences Environmental Science Ecological Modeling Species Distribution and Climate Change Physical Sciences Environmental Science Nature and Landscape Conservation Ecology and Vegetation Dynamics Studies Physical Sciences Environmental Science Global and Planetary Change Plant Water Relations and Carbon Dynamics |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/41577829 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41559-025-02956-5 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/753 |
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