Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index
The world’s lakes are in the process of degradation, with loss of water quality as a result of anthropic influences. This research aimed to evaluate water quality in high-pressure Peruvian anthropic sectors of Lake Titicaca using a calibrated index. The study considered ten important bays with influ...
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2024
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| author | Stive Flores-Gómez Adilson Ben da Costa Eduardo A. Lobo |
| author_browse | Adilson Ben da Costa Eduardo A. Lobo Stive Flores-Gómez |
| author_facet | Stive Flores-Gómez Adilson Ben da Costa Eduardo A. Lobo |
| author_sort | Stive Flores-Gómez |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | The world’s lakes are in the process of degradation, with loss of water quality as a result of anthropic influences. This research aimed to evaluate water quality in high-pressure Peruvian anthropic sectors of Lake Titicaca using a calibrated index. The study considered ten important bays with influence from urban sectors. In each bay, surface waters were monitored for six years, considering physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. Water quality was assessed using the NSF Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) and the one calibrated for Lake Titicaca (WQIT). Comparing the efficiency of these two indices, the WQIT showed a variation from moderately polluted bays to bad quality bays, such as Desaguadero and Yunguyo. These two bays were classified as hypereutrophic, therefore, the uses attributable to this condition are only irrigation and energy production. Applying the NSF-WQI, the results were not able to identify this significative difference, as all bays were classified as moderate quality waters. This result indicates that the WQIT calibration was adequate, as it allows inferring and estimating the water quality of Lake Titicaca with greater precision. According to Peru’s water quality standard for category 4, established for the conservation of the country’s lakes, the parameters that exceeded the standard values were PO4-P (0.035 mg∙L−1) and BOD5 (5 mg∙L−1) in all bays, and TC (1000 MPN mL−1) in Yunguyo bay. These high values indicate eutrophication processes, one of the main problems in the study area. The WQIT calibrated for Lake Titicaca can be used as an efficient tool to assess water quality in high Andean lentic waterbodies in South America. |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/710 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2024 |
| publishDateRange | 2024 |
| publishDateSort | 2024 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/7102026-10-30T16:14:47ZAssessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated IndexStive Flores-GómezAdilson Ben da CostaEduardo A. LoboIndex (typography)Water qualityEnvironmental scienceQuality (philosophy)Anthropic principleHydrology (agriculture)Water resource managementGeologyEcologyGeotechnical engineeringBiologyTheoretical physicsWorld Wide WebEpistemologyPhysicsPhilosophyComputer scienceIndex (typography)Water qualityEnvironmental scienceQuality (philosophy)Anthropic principleHydrology (agriculture)Water resource managementGeologyEcologyGeotechnical engineeringBiologyPhysical Sciences Environmental Science Ecology Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and BeyondPhysical Sciences Environmental Science Water Science and Technology Water Quality and Pollution AssessmentThe world’s lakes are in the process of degradation, with loss of water quality as a result of anthropic influences. This research aimed to evaluate water quality in high-pressure Peruvian anthropic sectors of Lake Titicaca using a calibrated index. The study considered ten important bays with influence from urban sectors. In each bay, surface waters were monitored for six years, considering physical, chemical and microbiological parameters. Water quality was assessed using the NSF Water Quality Index (NSF-WQI) and the one calibrated for Lake Titicaca (WQIT). Comparing the efficiency of these two indices, the WQIT showed a variation from moderately polluted bays to bad quality bays, such as Desaguadero and Yunguyo. These two bays were classified as hypereutrophic, therefore, the uses attributable to this condition are only irrigation and energy production. Applying the NSF-WQI, the results were not able to identify this significative difference, as all bays were classified as moderate quality waters. This result indicates that the WQIT calibration was adequate, as it allows inferring and estimating the water quality of Lake Titicaca with greater precision. According to Peru’s water quality standard for category 4, established for the conservation of the country’s lakes, the parameters that exceeded the standard values were PO4-P (0.035 mg∙L−1) and BOD5 (5 mg∙L−1) in all bays, and TC (1000 MPN mL−1) in Yunguyo bay. These high values indicate eutrophication processes, one of the main problems in the study area. The WQIT calibrated for Lake Titicaca can be used as an efficient tool to assess water quality in high Andean lentic waterbodies in South America.Articlehttps://www.scirp.org/pdf/gep2024128_62173021.pdfhttp://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2024.12800610.4236/gep.2024.128006https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/710W4401625539enJournal of Geoscience and Environment Protection2327-43362327-43442024-01-012026-06-13T09:32:20Z2026-06-13T09:32:20Z |
| spellingShingle | Index (typography) Water quality Environmental science Quality (philosophy) Anthropic principle Hydrology (agriculture) Water resource management Geology Ecology Geotechnical engineering Biology Theoretical physics World Wide Web Epistemology Physics Philosophy Computer science Index (typography) Water quality Environmental science Quality (philosophy) Anthropic principle Hydrology (agriculture) Water resource management Geology Ecology Geotechnical engineering Biology Physical Sciences Environmental Science Ecology Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond Physical Sciences Environmental Science Water Science and Technology Water Quality and Pollution Assessment Stive Flores-Gómez Adilson Ben da Costa Eduardo A. Lobo Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index |
| title | Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index |
| title_full | Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index |
| title_fullStr | Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index |
| title_full_unstemmed | Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index |
| title_short | Assessment of Water Quality in High-Pressure Peruvian Anthropic Sectors of Lake Titicaca Using a Calibrated Index |
| title_sort | assessment of water quality in high pressure peruvian anthropic sectors of lake titicaca using a calibrated index |
| topic | Index (typography) Water quality Environmental science Quality (philosophy) Anthropic principle Hydrology (agriculture) Water resource management Geology Ecology Geotechnical engineering Biology Theoretical physics World Wide Web Epistemology Physics Philosophy Computer science Index (typography) Water quality Environmental science Quality (philosophy) Anthropic principle Hydrology (agriculture) Water resource management Geology Ecology Geotechnical engineering Biology Physical Sciences Environmental Science Ecology Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond Physical Sciences Environmental Science Water Science and Technology Water Quality and Pollution Assessment |
| topic_facet | Index (typography) Water quality Environmental science Quality (philosophy) Anthropic principle Hydrology (agriculture) Water resource management Geology Ecology Geotechnical engineering Biology Theoretical physics World Wide Web Epistemology Physics Philosophy Computer science Index (typography) Water quality Environmental science Quality (philosophy) Anthropic principle Hydrology (agriculture) Water resource management Geology Ecology Geotechnical engineering Biology Physical Sciences Environmental Science Ecology Environmental and Cultural Studies in Latin America and Beyond Physical Sciences Environmental Science Water Science and Technology Water Quality and Pollution Assessment |
| url | https://www.scirp.org/pdf/gep2024128_62173021.pdf http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/gep.2024.128006 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/710 |
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