Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021
BACKGROUND: Due to the range of conflicting criteria regarding minimum sample size needed for a scale/questionnaire validation study, the objective of this review is to analyze sample sizes used in published journal articles to contribute a pragmatic perspective to the discussion on sample sizes. ME...
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| Lenguaje: | inglés |
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2022
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| _version_ | 1881508872101822464 |
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| author | White, Michaël |
| author_browse | White, Michaël |
| author_facet | White, Michaël |
| author_sort | White, Michaël |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | BACKGROUND: Due to the range of conflicting criteria regarding minimum sample size needed for a scale/questionnaire validation study, the objective of this review is to analyze sample sizes used in published journal articles to contribute a pragmatic perspective to the discussion on sample sizes. METHODS: A sample of 1999 articles published in a Scopus-indexed journal about the validation of a scale or questionnaire during 2021 were analyzed for this study. Abstracts from these articles were tabulated by two data entry professionals and any discrepancies were reviewed by the author. The sample size data was grouped by highest quartile of the journal publishing the article and further sub-categorized based on the inclusion of medical patients or students in each study's population. RESULTS: From the total sample, 1750 articles provided sufficient information in their summary to determine the sample size used. Of these, the majority were published in quartile 1 (784) and quartile 2 (620) journals. Mean values by quartile ranged from 389 (quartile 3) to 2032 (quartile 1), but extreme outliers limited the usefulness of the simple mean. Thus, outlier-removed means were calculated, and in most cases, these sample size values were higher for studies involving students and lower for studies involving patients. DISCUSSION: This study is limited by its focus on a single database and by including all phases of validation from initial quantitative instrument design studies (which tend to have the lowest sample sizes) up to international macro-studies (which can have hundreds of thousands of participants.) Nevertheless, the results of this study provide an additional practical perspective for the academic discussion regarding minimum sample size based on accepted practice. |
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| id | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/1745 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2022 |
| publishDateRange | 2022 |
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| spelling | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/17452026-10-30T16:16:39ZSample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021White, MichaëlQuartileSample size determinationScopusSample (material)Scale (ratio)PopulationStatisticsMedicinePsychologyMEDLINEMathematicsGeographyEnvironmental healthCartographyPolitical scienceConfidence intervalChemistryLawChromatographySocial Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Meta-analysis and systematic reviewsSocial Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Reliability and Agreement in MeasurementPhysical Sciences Mathematics Statistics and Probability Statistical Methods in Clinical TrialsBACKGROUND: Due to the range of conflicting criteria regarding minimum sample size needed for a scale/questionnaire validation study, the objective of this review is to analyze sample sizes used in published journal articles to contribute a pragmatic perspective to the discussion on sample sizes. METHODS: A sample of 1999 articles published in a Scopus-indexed journal about the validation of a scale or questionnaire during 2021 were analyzed for this study. Abstracts from these articles were tabulated by two data entry professionals and any discrepancies were reviewed by the author. The sample size data was grouped by highest quartile of the journal publishing the article and further sub-categorized based on the inclusion of medical patients or students in each study's population. RESULTS: From the total sample, 1750 articles provided sufficient information in their summary to determine the sample size used. Of these, the majority were published in quartile 1 (784) and quartile 2 (620) journals. Mean values by quartile ranged from 389 (quartile 3) to 2032 (quartile 1), but extreme outliers limited the usefulness of the simple mean. Thus, outlier-removed means were calculated, and in most cases, these sample size values were higher for studies involving students and lower for studies involving patients. DISCUSSION: This study is limited by its focus on a single database and by including all phases of validation from initial quantitative instrument design studies (which tend to have the lowest sample sizes) up to international macro-studies (which can have hundreds of thousands of participants.) Nevertheless, the results of this study provide an additional practical perspective for the academic discussion regarding minimum sample size based on accepted practice.Otherhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e1222310.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12223https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1745W4312055783enHeliyon2405-84402022-12-012026-06-13T14:20:23Z2026-06-13T14:20:23Z |
| spellingShingle | Quartile Sample size determination Scopus Sample (material) Scale (ratio) Population Statistics Medicine Psychology MEDLINE Mathematics Geography Environmental health Cartography Political science Confidence interval Chemistry Law Chromatography Social Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Meta-analysis and systematic reviews Social Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Reliability and Agreement in Measurement Physical Sciences Mathematics Statistics and Probability Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials White, Michaël Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021 |
| title | Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021 |
| title_full | Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021 |
| title_fullStr | Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021 |
| title_short | Sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies: A systematic review of articles published in Scopus, 2021 |
| title_sort | sample size in quantitative instrument validation studies a systematic review of articles published in scopus 2021 |
| topic | Quartile Sample size determination Scopus Sample (material) Scale (ratio) Population Statistics Medicine Psychology MEDLINE Mathematics Geography Environmental health Cartography Political science Confidence interval Chemistry Law Chromatography Social Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Meta-analysis and systematic reviews Social Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Reliability and Agreement in Measurement Physical Sciences Mathematics Statistics and Probability Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials |
| topic_facet | Quartile Sample size determination Scopus Sample (material) Scale (ratio) Population Statistics Medicine Psychology MEDLINE Mathematics Geography Environmental health Cartography Political science Confidence interval Chemistry Law Chromatography Social Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Meta-analysis and systematic reviews Social Sciences Decision Sciences Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty Reliability and Agreement in Measurement Physical Sciences Mathematics Statistics and Probability Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12223 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1745 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT whitemichael samplesizeinquantitativeinstrumentvalidationstudiesasystematicreviewofarticlespublishedinscopus2021 |