Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort
Abstract Numerous studies elucidated the kinetics of the humoral immune response post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses and their interaction with pre-existing seasonal human coronavirus (HCoVs: OC43, 229E, NL63, HKU1) immunity r...
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2025
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| author | Rokhaya Faye Adji Astou Mbow Billo Tall Aboubacry Gaye Amadou Moustapha Ndoye Rokhaya Gueye Dieynaba Diallo Francine Ndebane Faye Cheikh Talla Ndongo Dia B. Mbengue Stéphane Pelleau Makhtar Niang Moussa Seydi Amadou A. Sall Fabien Taïeb Cheikh Loucoubar Michaël White Thomas Poiret Inès Vigan-Womas |
| author_browse | Aboubacry Gaye Adji Astou Mbow Amadou A. Sall Amadou Moustapha Ndoye B. Mbengue Billo Tall Cheikh Loucoubar Cheikh Talla Dieynaba Diallo Fabien Taïeb Francine Ndebane Faye Inès Vigan-Womas Makhtar Niang Michaël White Moussa Seydi Ndongo Dia Rokhaya Faye Rokhaya Gueye Stéphane Pelleau Thomas Poiret |
| author_facet | Rokhaya Faye Adji Astou Mbow Billo Tall Aboubacry Gaye Amadou Moustapha Ndoye Rokhaya Gueye Dieynaba Diallo Francine Ndebane Faye Cheikh Talla Ndongo Dia B. Mbengue Stéphane Pelleau Makhtar Niang Moussa Seydi Amadou A. Sall Fabien Taïeb Cheikh Loucoubar Michaël White Thomas Poiret Inès Vigan-Womas |
| author_sort | Rokhaya Faye |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | Abstract Numerous studies elucidated the kinetics of the humoral immune response post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses and their interaction with pre-existing seasonal human coronavirus (HCoVs: OC43, 229E, NL63, HKU1) immunity remain underexplored. A prospective cohort study was conducted in Senegal during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March to December 2020). A total of 204 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included. Patients were classified as symptomatic (n=157) or asymptomatic (n=47) based on clinical presentation. Plasma samples (n=705) were collected over 6 months from SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals. IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were measured using a multiplex bead-based assay. Among the 204 participants included (95 [46.6%] female, median age, 44 [7–95]), SARS-CoV-2 IgG were detectable 6 months post-infection, peaking at 1 month for most antigens, except for Spike (S), which peaked at 3 months. Elderly patients (>60 years) exhibited higher IgG levels against both SARS- CoV-2 and HCoVs. Symptomatic patients had higher IgG levels than asymptomatic individuals, especially for WTS, RBD, S2, and N. Anti-HCoV IgG levels remained stable post-infection, with OC43 peaking at week 3 in symptomatic patients. A positive correlation was found between anti-SARS-CoV- 2 and anti-OC43 IgG in symptomatic patients. The study highlights persistent SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies for up to 6 months and suggests a link between pre-existing HCoV-OC43 immunity and COVID-19 outcomes in Senegal. These findings could help shape future vaccine strategies, considering the influence of circulating HCoVs on long- term protection against SARS-CoV-2. Author summary Understanding how our immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID- 19, is essential for guiding public health countermeasures and informing vaccine development strategies. In our study, we monitored, in COVID-19 patients, the evolution of IgG antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins over a six-month period. Additionally, we examined how previous exposure to common seasonal coronaviruses might influence immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Conducting this research in an African context is particularly important, as data on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in this region are scarce. Our results provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 and pre-existing immunity from seasonal circulating coronaviruses. These findings enhance our understanding of immune memory and cross-reactivity, two critical factors for assessing long-term protection and optimizing vaccine strategies. By shedding light on the dynamics of antibody responses over time within a sub-Saharan population, our research contributes to the global effort aimed at developing effective interventions against COVID-19 and preparing for future coronavirus outbreaks. |
| format | Preprint |
| id | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/1731 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2025 |
| publishDateRange | 2025 |
| publishDateSort | 2025 |
| record_format | dspace |
| spelling | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/17312026-10-30T16:16:37ZDifferential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohortRokhaya FayeAdji Astou MbowBillo TallAboubacry GayeAmadou Moustapha NdoyeRokhaya GueyeDieynaba DialloFrancine Ndebane FayeCheikh TallaNdongo DiaB. MbengueStéphane PelleauMakhtar NiangMoussa SeydiAmadou A. SallFabien TaïebCheikh LoucoubarMichaël WhiteThomas PoiretInès Vigan-WomasCohortSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)VirologyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Association (psychology)Immunoglobulin GImmunologyMedicineAntibodyInternal medicinePsychologyDiseasePsychotherapistInfectious disease (medical specialty)CohortSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)VirologyCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)Association (psychology)Immunoglobulin GImmunologyMedicineAntibodyInternal medicinePsychologyDiseaseHealth Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 ResearchHealth Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Clinical Research StudiesHealth Sciences Medicine Surgery Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and ThrombosisAbstract Numerous studies elucidated the kinetics of the humoral immune response post-SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, in sub-Saharan Africa, the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody responses and their interaction with pre-existing seasonal human coronavirus (HCoVs: OC43, 229E, NL63, HKU1) immunity remain underexplored. A prospective cohort study was conducted in Senegal during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic (March to December 2020). A total of 204 patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 were included. Patients were classified as symptomatic (n=157) or asymptomatic (n=47) based on clinical presentation. Plasma samples (n=705) were collected over 6 months from SARS-CoV-2 positive individuals. IgG levels against SARS-CoV-2 and HCoVs were measured using a multiplex bead-based assay. Among the 204 participants included (95 [46.6%] female, median age, 44 [7–95]), SARS-CoV-2 IgG were detectable 6 months post-infection, peaking at 1 month for most antigens, except for Spike (S), which peaked at 3 months. Elderly patients (>60 years) exhibited higher IgG levels against both SARS- CoV-2 and HCoVs. Symptomatic patients had higher IgG levels than asymptomatic individuals, especially for WTS, RBD, S2, and N. Anti-HCoV IgG levels remained stable post-infection, with OC43 peaking at week 3 in symptomatic patients. A positive correlation was found between anti-SARS-CoV- 2 and anti-OC43 IgG in symptomatic patients. The study highlights persistent SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibodies for up to 6 months and suggests a link between pre-existing HCoV-OC43 immunity and COVID-19 outcomes in Senegal. These findings could help shape future vaccine strategies, considering the influence of circulating HCoVs on long- term protection against SARS-CoV-2. Author summary Understanding how our immune system responds to SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for COVID- 19, is essential for guiding public health countermeasures and informing vaccine development strategies. In our study, we monitored, in COVID-19 patients, the evolution of IgG antibody responses against SARS-CoV-2 structural proteins over a six-month period. Additionally, we examined how previous exposure to common seasonal coronaviruses might influence immune responses to SARS-CoV-2. Conducting this research in an African context is particularly important, as data on immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 in this region are scarce. Our results provide valuable insights into the complex interplay between immune responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 and pre-existing immunity from seasonal circulating coronaviruses. These findings enhance our understanding of immune memory and cross-reactivity, two critical factors for assessing long-term protection and optimizing vaccine strategies. By shedding light on the dynamics of antibody responses over time within a sub-Saharan population, our research contributes to the global effort aimed at developing effective interventions against COVID-19 and preparing for future coronavirus outbreaks.Preprinthttps://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/04/08/2025.04.07.647508.full.pdfhttps://doi.org/10.1101/2025.04.07.64750810.1101/2025.04.07.647508https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1731W4409308618en2025-04-082026-06-13T14:20:02Z2026-06-13T14:20:02Z |
| spellingShingle | Cohort Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virology Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association (psychology) Immunoglobulin G Immunology Medicine Antibody Internal medicine Psychology Disease Psychotherapist Infectious disease (medical specialty) Cohort Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virology Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association (psychology) Immunoglobulin G Immunology Medicine Antibody Internal medicine Psychology Disease Health Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research Health Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies Health Sciences Medicine Surgery Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis Rokhaya Faye Adji Astou Mbow Billo Tall Aboubacry Gaye Amadou Moustapha Ndoye Rokhaya Gueye Dieynaba Diallo Francine Ndebane Faye Cheikh Talla Ndongo Dia B. Mbengue Stéphane Pelleau Makhtar Niang Moussa Seydi Amadou A. Sall Fabien Taïeb Cheikh Loucoubar Michaël White Thomas Poiret Inès Vigan-Womas Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort |
| title | Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort |
| title_full | Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort |
| title_fullStr | Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort |
| title_full_unstemmed | Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort |
| title_short | Differential association of SARS-CoV-2 IgG responses with anti-OC43 IgG in a Senegalese cohort |
| title_sort | differential association of sars cov 2 igg responses with anti oc43 igg in a senegalese cohort |
| topic | Cohort Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virology Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association (psychology) Immunoglobulin G Immunology Medicine Antibody Internal medicine Psychology Disease Psychotherapist Infectious disease (medical specialty) Cohort Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virology Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association (psychology) Immunoglobulin G Immunology Medicine Antibody Internal medicine Psychology Disease Health Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research Health Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies Health Sciences Medicine Surgery Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis |
| topic_facet | Cohort Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virology Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association (psychology) Immunoglobulin G Immunology Medicine Antibody Internal medicine Psychology Disease Psychotherapist Infectious disease (medical specialty) Cohort Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Virology Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) Association (psychology) Immunoglobulin G Immunology Medicine Antibody Internal medicine Psychology Disease Health Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research Health Sciences Medicine Infectious Diseases COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies Health Sciences Medicine Surgery Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia and Thrombosis |
| url | https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2025/04/08/2025.04.07.647508.full.pdf https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.04.07.647508 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1731 |
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