Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022)
BACKGROUND: The number of suicides has been increasing worldwide, year after year, becoming the fourth leading cause of death among young people between 15 and 29 years of age. AIM: In this study, we explored the frequency and characteristics of suicides among the adult general population in Paragua...
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2023
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| author | Júlio Torales Iván Barrios Osvaldo Melgarejo Juan Edgar Tullo-Gómez Noelia Ruíz Diáz Marcelo O’Higgins Carol Maggi Victor Ramón Adorno Alicia Medina Jorge Villalba-Arias Israel González Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia Antonio Ventriglio |
| author_browse | Alicia Medina Antonio Ventriglio Carol Maggi Israel González Iván Barrios Jorge Villalba-Arias João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia Juan Edgar Tullo-Gómez Júlio Torales Marcelo O’Higgins Noelia Ruíz Diáz Osvaldo Melgarejo Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez Victor Ramón Adorno |
| author_facet | Júlio Torales Iván Barrios Osvaldo Melgarejo Juan Edgar Tullo-Gómez Noelia Ruíz Diáz Marcelo O’Higgins Carol Maggi Victor Ramón Adorno Alicia Medina Jorge Villalba-Arias Israel González Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia Antonio Ventriglio |
| author_sort | Júlio Torales |
| collection | Producción científica |
| description | BACKGROUND: The number of suicides has been increasing worldwide, year after year, becoming the fourth leading cause of death among young people between 15 and 29 years of age. AIM: In this study, we explored the frequency and characteristics of suicides among the adult general population in Paraguay between 2004 and 2022, considering that suicide attempts and suicidal risk/ideation are frequent and relevant issues in the consultation activity, even if epidemiological evidence on the national rates of suicide is scarce. METHODS: In this observational, descriptive, and exploratory study, official records of all deaths by suicide were reviewed and information analyzed. In addition, an attempt was made to predict the number of suicides in the next 5 years according to a mathematical modeling. RESULTS: In the 18-year period, 5,527 suicides of adults were recorded. Patients' mean age was 36.8 ± 17 years old. A 76.77% of them were males, 77.44% were from an urban area and 25.98% from the Greater Asunción and Central Department of Paraguay. The most frequently used method of suicide was intentional self-inflicted injury by hanging, strangulation, or suffocation (all 67.6%). The expected number of national suicides in the following years from 2023 to 2027 will range between 462 and 530. Limitations include the lack of information regarding diagnoses and personal history in the suicide reports as well as the possibility of underreporting of national suicide cases. CONCLUSION: Our results represent the first large national epidemiological report of suicides in Paraguay and may be of interest for mental health professionals and health authorities in order to reduce the suicide mortality rate within the country. |
| format | Article |
| id | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/1189 |
| institution | UPeU |
| language | English |
| publishDate | 2023 |
| publishDateRange | 2023 |
| publishDateSort | 2023 |
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| spelling | oai:cris.upeu.edu.pe:20.500.15037/11892026-10-30T16:15:20ZSuicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022)Júlio ToralesIván BarriosOsvaldo MelgarejoJuan Edgar Tullo-GómezNoelia Ruíz DiázMarcelo O’HigginsCarol MaggiVictor Ramón AdornoAlicia MedinaJorge Villalba-AriasIsrael GonzálezTomás Caycho‐RodríguezJoão Maurício Castaldelli-MaiaAntonio VentriglioSuicide preventionPoison controlInjury preventionOccupational safety and healthHuman factors and ergonomicsExploratory researchPsychologyDemographyGeographyMedical emergencyMedicineGerontologyEnvironmental healthSociologyAnthropologyPathologySuicide preventionPoison controlInjury preventionOccupational safety and healthHuman factors and ergonomicsExploratory researchPsychologyDemographyGeographyMedical emergencyMedicineGerontologyEnvironmental healthSociologyAdolescentAdolescentAdolescentAdolescentAdultAdultAdultAdultMental Disorders epidemiologyMental Disorders epidemiologyMental Disorders epidemiologyMental Disorders epidemiologyFemaleFemaleFemaleFemaleHumansHumansHumansHumansMaleMaleMaleMaleMiddle AgedMiddle AgedMiddle AgedMiddle AgedParaguay epidemiologyParaguay epidemiologyParaguay epidemiologyParaguay epidemiologySuicide, AttemptedSuicide, AttemptedSuicide, AttemptedSuicide, AttemptedSelf-Injurious BehaviorSelf-Injurious BehaviorSelf-Injurious BehaviorSelf-Injurious BehaviorYoung AdultYoung AdultYoung AdultYoung AdultSuicidal IdeationSuicidal IdeationSuicidal IdeationSuicidal IdeationSocial Sciences Psychology Clinical Psychology Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesSocial Sciences Social Sciences Sociology and Political Science Homicide, Infanticide, and Child AbuseSocial Sciences Social Sciences Health Gun Ownership and Violence ResearchBACKGROUND: The number of suicides has been increasing worldwide, year after year, becoming the fourth leading cause of death among young people between 15 and 29 years of age. AIM: In this study, we explored the frequency and characteristics of suicides among the adult general population in Paraguay between 2004 and 2022, considering that suicide attempts and suicidal risk/ideation are frequent and relevant issues in the consultation activity, even if epidemiological evidence on the national rates of suicide is scarce. METHODS: In this observational, descriptive, and exploratory study, official records of all deaths by suicide were reviewed and information analyzed. In addition, an attempt was made to predict the number of suicides in the next 5 years according to a mathematical modeling. RESULTS: In the 18-year period, 5,527 suicides of adults were recorded. Patients' mean age was 36.8 ± 17 years old. A 76.77% of them were males, 77.44% were from an urban area and 25.98% from the Greater Asunción and Central Department of Paraguay. The most frequently used method of suicide was intentional self-inflicted injury by hanging, strangulation, or suffocation (all 67.6%). The expected number of national suicides in the following years from 2023 to 2027 will range between 462 and 530. Limitations include the lack of information regarding diagnoses and personal history in the suicide reports as well as the possibility of underreporting of national suicide cases. CONCLUSION: Our results represent the first large national epidemiological report of suicides in Paraguay and may be of interest for mental health professionals and health authorities in order to reduce the suicide mortality rate within the country.Articlehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3711307010.1177/00207640231169650https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1189W4367317992enInternational Journal of Social Psychiatry0020-76401741-28542023-04-272026-06-13T09:49:29Z2026-06-13T09:49:29Z |
| spellingShingle | Suicide prevention Poison control Injury prevention Occupational safety and health Human factors and ergonomics Exploratory research Psychology Demography Geography Medical emergency Medicine Gerontology Environmental health Sociology Anthropology Pathology Suicide prevention Poison control Injury prevention Occupational safety and health Human factors and ergonomics Exploratory research Psychology Demography Geography Medical emergency Medicine Gerontology Environmental health Sociology Adolescent Adolescent Adolescent Adolescent Adult Adult Adult Adult Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Female Female Female Female Humans Humans Humans Humans Male Male Male Male Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Social Sciences Psychology Clinical Psychology Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Social Sciences Social Sciences Sociology and Political Science Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse Social Sciences Social Sciences Health Gun Ownership and Violence Research Júlio Torales Iván Barrios Osvaldo Melgarejo Juan Edgar Tullo-Gómez Noelia Ruíz Diáz Marcelo O’Higgins Carol Maggi Victor Ramón Adorno Alicia Medina Jorge Villalba-Arias Israel González Tomás Caycho‐Rodríguez João Maurício Castaldelli-Maia Antonio Ventriglio Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022) |
| title | Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022) |
| title_full | Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022) |
| title_fullStr | Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022) |
| title_short | Suicides among adults in Paraguay: An 18-year national exploratory study (2004–2022) |
| title_sort | suicides among adults in paraguay an 18 year national exploratory study 2004 2022 |
| topic | Suicide prevention Poison control Injury prevention Occupational safety and health Human factors and ergonomics Exploratory research Psychology Demography Geography Medical emergency Medicine Gerontology Environmental health Sociology Anthropology Pathology Suicide prevention Poison control Injury prevention Occupational safety and health Human factors and ergonomics Exploratory research Psychology Demography Geography Medical emergency Medicine Gerontology Environmental health Sociology Adolescent Adolescent Adolescent Adolescent Adult Adult Adult Adult Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Female Female Female Female Humans Humans Humans Humans Male Male Male Male Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Social Sciences Psychology Clinical Psychology Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Social Sciences Social Sciences Sociology and Political Science Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse Social Sciences Social Sciences Health Gun Ownership and Violence Research |
| topic_facet | Suicide prevention Poison control Injury prevention Occupational safety and health Human factors and ergonomics Exploratory research Psychology Demography Geography Medical emergency Medicine Gerontology Environmental health Sociology Anthropology Pathology Suicide prevention Poison control Injury prevention Occupational safety and health Human factors and ergonomics Exploratory research Psychology Demography Geography Medical emergency Medicine Gerontology Environmental health Sociology Adolescent Adolescent Adolescent Adolescent Adult Adult Adult Adult Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Mental Disorders epidemiology Female Female Female Female Humans Humans Humans Humans Male Male Male Male Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Middle Aged Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Paraguay epidemiology Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Suicide, Attempted Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Self-Injurious Behavior Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Young Adult Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Suicidal Ideation Social Sciences Psychology Clinical Psychology Suicide and Self-Harm Studies Social Sciences Social Sciences Sociology and Political Science Homicide, Infanticide, and Child Abuse Social Sciences Social Sciences Health Gun Ownership and Violence Research |
| url | https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37113070 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.15037/1189 |
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